Dermabrasion
About this test
Dermabrasion is a skin-resurfacing procedure that uses a rapidly rotating device to remove the outer layer of skin. The skin that grows back is usually smoother. Dermabrasion can decrease the appearance of fine facial lines and improve the look of many skin flaws, including acne scars, scars from surgery, age spots and wrinkles. Dermabrasion can be done alone or in combination with other cosmetic procedures.
Why it's done
Dermabrasion can be used to treat or remove: Scars caused by acne, surgery or injuries Fine wrinkles, especially those around the mouth Sun-damaged skin, including age spots Tattoos Swelling and redness of the nose (rhinophyma) Potentially precancerous skin patches
Risks and complications
Dermabrasion can cause side effects, including: Redness and swelling. After dermabrasion, treated skin will be red and swollen. Swelling will begin to decrease within a few days to one week, but might last for weeks or even months. Your new skin will be sensitive and blotchy for several weeks. It might take about three months for your skin tone to return to normal. Acne. You might notice tiny white bumps (milia) on treated skin. These bumps usually disappear on their own or with the use of soap or an abrasive pad. Enlarged pores. Dermabrasion might cause your pores to grow larger. Changes in skin color. Dermabrasion often causes treated skin to temporarily become darker than normal (hyperpigmentation), lighter than normal (hypopigmentation) or blotchy. These problems are more common in people with brown or black skin and can sometimes be permanent. Infection. Rarely, dermabrasion can lead to a bacterial, fungal or viral infection, such as a flare-up of the herpes virus, the virus that causes cold sores. Scarring. Dermabrasion that's done too deeply can cause scarring. Steroid medications can be used to soften the appearance of these scars. Other skin reactions. If you often develop allergic skin rashes or other skin reactions, dermabrasion might cause these reactions to flare up. Dermabrasion isn't for everyone. Your doctor might caution against dermabrasion if you: Have taken the oral acne medication isotretinoin (Myorisan, Claravis, others) during the past year Have a personal or family history of ridged areas caused by an overgrowth of scar tissue (keloids) Have acne or another pus-filled skin condition Have frequent or severe outbreaks of cold sores Have burn scars or skin that's been damaged by radiation treatments
How to prepare
Before you have dermabrasion, your doctor will likely: Review your medical history. Be prepared to answer questions about current and past medical conditions and any medications you're taking or have taken recently, as well as any cosmetic procedures you've had. Do a physical exam. Your doctor will inspect your skin and the area to be treated to determine what changes can be made and how your physical features — for example, the tone and thickness of your skin — might affect your results. Discuss your expectations. Talk with your doctor about your motivations, expectations and potential risks. Make sure you understand how long your skin will take to heal and what your results might be. Before dermabrasion, you might also need to: Stop using certain medications. Before having dermabrasion, your doctor might recommend not taking aspirin, blood thinners and certain other medications. Stop smoking. If you smoke, your doctor might ask you to stop smoking for a week or two before and after dermabrasion. Smoking decreases blood flow in the skin and can slow the healing process. Take an antiviral medication. Your doctor will likely prescribe an antiviral medication before and after treatment to help prevent a viral infection. Take an oral antibiotic. If you have acne, your doctor might recommend taking an oral antibiotic around the time of the procedure to help prevent a bacterial infection. Have onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox) injections. These are usually given at least three days before the procedure and help most people achieve better results. Use a retinoid cream. Your doctor might recommend using a retinoid cream such as tretinoin (Renova, Retin-A, others) for a few weeks before treatment to help with healing. Avoid unprotected sun exposure. Too much sun exposure before the procedure can cause permanent irregular pigmentation in treated areas. Discuss sun protection and acceptable sun exposure with your doctor. Arrange for a ride home. If you'll be sedated or receive a general anesthetic during the procedure, arrange for a ride home.
What to expect
Dermabrasion is typically done in an office procedure room or outpatient facility. If you're having extensive work done, you might be admitted to a hospital. On the day of your procedure, wash your face. Do not apply any makeup or facial creams. Wear clothes that you don't have to pull over your head because you'll have a facial dressing after your procedure. Your care team will give you anesthesia or sedation to decrease sensation. If you have questions about this, ask a member of your care team.
Understanding your results
After dermabrasion, your new skin will be sensitive and red. Swelling will begin to decrease within a few days to a week, but can last for weeks or even months. It might take about three months for your skin tone to return to normal. Once the treated area begins to heal, you'll notice that your skin looks smoother. Protect your skin from the sun for six to 12 months to prevent permanent skin color changes. If your skin tone is blotchy after healing, ask your doctor about prescription hydroquinone — a bleaching agent — to help even out your skin tone. Keep in mind that dermabrasion results might not be permanent. As you age, you'll continue to get lines from squinting and smiling. New sun damage also can reverse the results of dermabrasion.
Disclaimer: August is a health information platform and its responses don't constitute medical advise. Always consult with a licenced medical professional near you before making any changes.