Esophageal manometry

Esophageal manometry (muh-NOM-uh-tree) is a test that shows how well the esophagus is working. It measures muscle contractions of the esophagus as water moves through to the stomach. This test can be helpful in diagnosing esophageal conditions, especially if you have trouble swallowing.

Your care team might suggest esophageal manometry if you have symptoms that raise concerns about how your esophagus is working. Esophageal manometry shows movement patterns as water flows from the esophagus to the stomach. The test measures the muscles at the top and bottom of the esophagus. These are called the sphincter muscles. The test shows how well these muscles open and close. Also, it measures the pressure, speed and wave pattern of muscle contractions along the esophagus when water is swallowed. Other tests might be needed based on your symptoms. These tests show or rule out other issues such as esophageal narrowing, complete blockage or inflammation. If your main symptom is pain or trouble swallowing, you might need an x-ray or upper endoscopy. During an upper endoscopy, a healthcare professional uses a tiny camera on the end of a tube to see the upper digestive system. This includes the esophagus, stomach, and first 6 inches (15 centimeters) of the small bowel. This test is usually done before esophageal manometry. If your healthcare professional has recommended anti-reflux surgery to treat GERD, you might need esophageal manometry first. This helps rule out achalasia or scleroderma, which GERD surgery can't treat. If you've tried GERD treatments but still have chest pain not caused by your heart, your care professional might recommend esophageal manometry.

Esophageal manometry is generally safe, and complications are rare. However, you may have some discomfort during the test, including: Gagging when the tube passes into your throat. Watery eyes. Irritation in the nose and throat. After esophageal manometry, you might have mild side effects. These often resolve within hours. Side effects can include: Sore throat. Stuffy nose. Minor nosebleed.

Your stomach should be empty before esophageal manometry. Your healthcare professional tells you when to stop eating and drinking before the test. Also, tell your health professional about medicines you take. You might be asked to stop taking some medicines before the test.

This test is done as an outpatient procedure. You will be awake while it happens, and most people tolerate it well. You might change into a hospital gown before the test starts.