Transcranial magnetic stimulation

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a procedure that uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain to improve symptoms of major depression. It's called a "noninvasive" procedure because it's done without using surgery or cutting the skin. Approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), TMS usually is used only when other depression treatments haven't been effective.

Depression is a treatable condition. But for some people, standard treatments aren't effective. Repetitive TMS may be used when standard treatments such as medicines, and talk therapy, known as psychotherapy, don't work. TMS is sometimes used to treat OCD , migraines and to help people stop smoking after other treatments have not been successful.

Repetitive TMS is a noninvasive form of brain stimulation. Unlike vagus nerve stimulation or deep brain stimulation, rTMS does not require surgery or implanting electrodes. And, unlike electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), rTMS doesn't cause seizures or memory loss. It also doesn't require the use of anesthesia, which puts people in a sleep-like state. Generally, rTMS is considered safe and well-tolerated. However, it can cause some side effects.

Before having rTMS , you may need a: Physical exam and possibly lab tests or other tests. Mental health evaluation to discuss your depression. These evaluations help make sure that rTMS is a safe option for you. Tell your health care provider if: You're pregnant or thinking of becoming pregnant. You have metal or implanted medical devices in your body. In some cases, people with metal implants or devices can have rTMS . But due to the strong magnetic field produced during rTMS , it's not recommended for some people who have these devices: Aneurysm clips or coils. Stents. Implanted stimulators. Implanted vagus nerve or deep brain stimulators. Implanted electrical devices, such as pacemakers or medicine pumps. Electrodes for monitoring brain activity. Cochlear implants for hearing. Magnetic implants. Bullet fragments. Other metal devices or objects implanted in their body. You're taking medicines, including prescriptions, medicines available without a prescription, herbal supplements, vitamins or other supplements, and the doses. You have a history of seizures or a family history of epilepsy. You have other mental health conditions, such as issues with alcohol or drugs, bipolar disorder, or psychosis. You have brain damage from illness or injury, such as a brain tumor, stroke or traumatic brain injury. You have frequent or severe headaches. You have any other medical conditions. You've had treatment with rTMS in the past and whether it was helpful in treating your depression.

Repetitive TMS is usually done in a health care provider's office or clinic. It requires a series of treatment sessions to be effective. Generally, sessions are carried out daily, five times a week, for 4 to 6 weeks.